A useful way to think about this: fiscal policy changes who receives income; monetary policy changes the price of time and leverage. Desk note: Both influence demand, but they work through different channels and at different speeds. Why investors care: That distinction matters when investors try to guess which policy tool can actually stabilize the next problem. Translate it into behavior: Rate cuts can ease financing stress without directly repairing the spending profile of households that never had balance-sheet capacity to begin with. Where people usually get tripped up: The mistake is talking about "stimulus" as though every policy lever works the same way. Keep this nearby on the next review: A useful review question is which funding, incentive or cash-flow channel is actually doing the work. The point is not to memorize the label. The point is to know what variable is actually doing the work.